Researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have unveiled a cutting-edge innovation poised to revolutionizing robotics, wearable technology and smart textiles. The Department of Materials Science and Engineering team developed scalable hydrogel-coated nickel-core ionotronic light-emitting (SHINE) fibers, a breakthrough combining flexibility, self-healing, light emission, and magnetic properties.
These fibers are expected to improve human-robot interaction and other applications, including interactive displays and durable smart fabrics. “This innovation brings us closer to durable and versatile materials that mimic biological systems, such as skin, by combining light emission with self-healing capabilities,” said Associate Professor Benjamin Tee, principal investigator of the study.
SHINE fibers set a new benchmark in electroluminescent technology. Their record luminance of 1068 cd/m² ensures high visibility, even in bright indoor environments. Notably, they can self-repair and recover 98% of their original brightness after damage, making them robust and reusable.
The hydrogel-coated outer layer of the fibers self-repairs by reforming chemical bonds under ambient conditions. Meanwhile, their nickel core and electroluminescent components restore structural and functional integrity through heat-induced interactions at 50°C. This dual-layer approach ensures that the fibers retain both durability and functionality after mechanical stress or breakage.
What sets SHINE fibers apart is their ability to combine these characteristics seamlessly, delivering exceptional performance without increasing complexity or power consumption. Their multifunctionality makes them ideal for practical and real-world use in various scenarios, especially in areas requiring high adaptability and resilience.
The magnetic properties, enabled by the nickel core, further enhance the utility of the fibers. They can be manipulated with external magnets, enabling dynamic movement and precise control in soft robotics and confined spaces.
Through a scalable ion-induced gelation process, the team successfully fabricated SHINE fibers measuring up to 5.5 meters long, which retained their functionality even after nearly a year of storage in the open air. This scalability is complemented by environmental sustainability, as the fibers’ self-healing ability extends their lifespan and reduces waste.
“By integrating light emission, self-healing and magnetic actuation into a single device, we overcome the challenges of fragility and functionality integration common in existing light-emitting fibers,” explained Assoc Prof Tee .
The versatility of SHINE fibers allows for very diverse applications. They can be woven into smart textiles to create light-emitting clothing that self-repairs when damaged. Such textiles could transform wearable technology, improving both functionality and durability.
Additionally, the magnetic properties of fibers make them suitable for soft robotics. They can maneuver in tight spaces, perform complex movements and emit optical signals in real time. “These fibers represent a significant advancement in soft robotics technology, offering solutions for applications in restricted or dynamic environments,” said Dr. Fu Xuemei, first author of the study.
Interactive screens could also benefit from these fibers. Their magnetic responsiveness enables dynamic pattern changes, facilitating optical signaling in low-light or complex environments. Additionally, SHINE fibers could be used in advanced communications systems by enabling flexible, durable, and self-healing real-time optical displays, expanding their impact beyond traditional domains.
Looking ahead, the research team plans to refine the magnetic actuation of the fibers, with the aim of achieving greater precision in robotic applications. They are also exploring the integration of sensing capabilities, such as temperature and humidity sensing, into SHINE fibers. This advancement could lead to a new generation of smart textiles capable of dynamic interaction and environmental sensing.
SHINE fiber innovation represents a milestone in the field of sustainable and multifunctional materials. By seamlessly integrating light-emitting, self-healing and magnetic properties into a scalable fiber, NUS researchers have paved the way for transformative advances in robotics, wearable technology and beyond.